當馬克遇上莎莉

三合一疫苗 MMR 含麻疹、德國麻疹、腮腺炎混合疫苗
五合一疫苗是指白喉-破傷風-非細胞性百日咳-去活性小兒麻痺-b型流感嗜血桿菌混合疫苗 ( DTP是指 白喉-破傷風-百日咳 )
六合一疫苗是以上加上 B型肝炎

接種DPT疫苗後可能發生的反應及注意事項為何？

1、局部紅腫、疼痛的現象，兩天內可能會有輕度至中度之發燒、全身不適、哭鬧不安等反應，偶有食慾不振、嘔吐、輕微下痢症狀，通常2-3天會恢復。 
2、依統計，接種DPT後，每330人中可能有1人會發燒至攝氏40度以上，須請醫師處理。 
3、如接種部位紅腫、硬塊不退、發生膿瘍或持續發燒，則必須請醫師處理。
4、嚴重反應如痙攣、神經疾病及腦部疾病等極少發生。 
5、接種DPT後曾發生嚴重反應之幼兒，可改接種含非細胞性百日咳疫苗成分之三合一疫苗（DTaP）或白喉、破傷風混合疫苗（DT）。

以上資料來自 疾病管制局 ←按我

以下英文資料來自 ←按我

白喉 Diphtheria
Diphtheria mainly affects the throat. It is spread by droplets from the nose or mouth and, if complications set in, it can cause breathing difficulties, damage to the heart and nervous system or even death. The incubation period is from two to six days.

Babies are offered the immunisation at eight, 12 and 16 weeks of age and it is given by an injection which also contains the tetanus, whooping cough, polio and Hib vaccines. It is given again before starting school and also between 13 and 18 years.

Diphtheria mainly affects the throat. It is spread by droplets from the nose or mouth and, if complications set in, it can cause breathing difficulties, damage to the heart and nervous system or even death. The incubation period is from two to six days. Babies are offered the immunisation at eight, 12 and 16 weeks of age and it is given by an injection which also contains the tetanus, whooping cough, polio and Hib vaccines. It is given again before starting school and also between 13 and 18 years. Diphtheria mainly affects the throat. It is spread by droplets from the nose or mouth and, if complications set in, it can cause breathing difficulties, damage to the heart and nervous system or even death. The incubation period is from two to six days. Babies are offered the immunisation at eight, 12 and 16 weeks of age and it is given by an injection which also contains the tetanus, whooping cough, polio and Hib vaccines. It is given again before starting school and also between 13 and 18 years.

疾病管制局的資料 ←按我   

破傷風 Tetanus 
The symptoms of tetanus (sometimes called lockjaw) are painful spasms of muscle contraction. The disease can be fatal. It can have a long incubation period of four to 21 days. The organism is found in soil and dirty wounds may be infected. It can also be caught through animal bites. Farm workers and gardeners are particularly susceptible to it.

Your child will be offered this immunisation a total of five times. When a child has had five doses it is thought that immunisation will be lifelong and no more boosters are needed.

The tetanus vaccine is given at eight, 12 and 16 weeks. It is given in an injection that also contains the diphtheria, whooping cough, polio and Hib vaccines. It is also given in a preschool booster and again when your child is between 13 and 18 years of age. 

疾病管制局的資料 ←按我

百日咳 Whooping cough (pertussis) 
This very infectious disease is transmitted by droplets from the nose or mouth. The incubation period is from seven to 10 days. It starts in the same way as a cold, but as it progresses, the spasms of coughing become more and more severe. The "whoop" occurs as the child draws breath between bouts of coughing. These distressing symptoms can go on for several weeks. Severe cases may be complicated by pneumonia, vomiting and weight loss and, more rarely, by brain damage and death. Young babies are most at risk.

Babies are offered the immunisation at eight, 12 and 16 weeks of age. It is given by injection, which also contains the diphtheria, tetanus, polio and Hib immunisations. It is also given in a preschool booster. 

疾病管制局的資料 ←按我

小兒麻痺症 Polio 
The polio virus attacks nerve tissue in the brain and spinal cord and can sometimes cause paralysis. It is still very common in some developing countries, but rare in the UK. It is spread by contact with the faeces, mucus or saliva of an infected person. The incubation period varies between three and 21 days.

The polio vaccine is included in the DTaP/IPV/Hib injection, which also contains diphtheria, tetanus, Hib and whooping cough vaccines. It's given to babies at eight, 12 and 16 weeks. It is also given in a preschool booster and again when your child is between 13 and 18 years of age. 

疾病管制局的資料 ←按我

B型嗜血桿菌 Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib)
The Hib organism causes flu-like symptoms such as sore throat, chest infections and ear infections. But complications, such as meningitis or blockages of the throat (epiglottitis), can set in and it was for this reason that the vaccine was introduced.

Babies are offered the immunisation at eight, 12 and 16 weeks of age. It is given by injection. These injections also contain the diphtheria, tetanus, polio and whooping cough vaccines (DTaP/IPV/Hib). It is given again at around 12 months in an injection that also contains the meningitis C vaccine. 

疾病管制局的資料 ←按我

麻疹 Measles 
Measles used to be the commonest childhood illness. It is highly infectious, has an incubation period of 10 days and infection occurs by droplets from the mouth or nose. It may start like a bad cold with lots of catarrh and a temperature. The rash generally appears after two days. Complications are relatively common and include bronchitis, bronchiolitis, ear infections and croup. In rare cases, there can be serious complications affecting the nervous system, such as encephalitis.

Children are offered the measles vaccine at around 13 months. It is given via an injection known as the MMR, which also contains the mumps and rubella vaccines. A pre-school booster immunisation is also given. 

疾病管制局的資料 ←按我   

腦炎 Meningitis C 
Meningococcus is a bacterium that causes meningitis and septicaemia (a form of blood poisoning). The bacterium has several strains and this vaccination is against one of those strains - the C strain. Meningitis is a serious illness which can be fatal or cause long-term damage to the brain and nerves. It is caught through droplet spread.

The meningitis C immunisation is offered to babies at 12 and 16 weeks. It is given in a separate injection to the DTaP/IPV/Hib. It is given again at around 12 months in an injection that also contains Hib.

疾病管制局的資料 ←按我

腮腺炎 Mumps 
Mumps is a viral illness, which may cause considerable swelling around the cheeks and neck. The incubation period is from 14 to 21 days. Complications can include meningitis, deafness, encephalitis and inflammation of the testes in boys, which may permanently damage fertility.

Children are offered the mumps vaccine at around 13 months. It is given via an injection known as the MMR, which also contains the measles and rubella vaccines. A pre-school booster is also given. 

疾病管制局的資料 ←按我

侵襲性肺炎鏈球菌感染症 Pneumococcus 
Pneumococcus is a bacterium which can cause serious illnesses such as meningitis, septicaemia (blood poisoning) and pneumonia. One in ten cases of meningitis is caused by the pneumococcal bacteria. This form of meningitis is more dangerous than meningitis C and causes a higher rate of long-term health problems in children who survive including deafness, epilepsy and learning difficulties.

Babies are offered the pneumococcal vaccine (PCV) at eight and sixteen weeks with a booster at 13 months. It is given in a separate injection to other vaccines your baby will have at the same time. 

疾病管制局的資料 ←按我

德國麻疹 Rubella
Rubella is generally a mild illness in children causing a fever, a rash and swollen glands. It has a long incubation period of 14 to 21 days and complications for the child itself are rare. However, if a woman contracts rubella in the first eight to 10 weeks of pregnancy the effects on her unborn baby can be very serious: babies can be born with deafness, blindness, heart problems and/or brain damage.

Before the rubella vaccine was introduced in 1970, there were about 70 cases a year of congenital rubella syndrome, but since 1990 there have only been 46 cases and only one case was reported between 1997 and 1999.

Children are offered the rubella vaccine at around 13 months. It is given as part of the MMR vaccination, which also contains the mumps and measles vaccines. A pre-school booster is also given. 

疾病管制局的資料 ←按我